dependability in qualitative research pdfdependability in qualitative research pdf

Burke and Onwuegbuzie (2005:1) indicate that mixed methods research is a natural . fMpp].qS)UNgN16)^ea5f#6KC>p:e.=a D5*Z8#ZD!J#ndW)m0#B?ZgpmoeOWSppbcJ;BlG+*_C&uJcdVl=s`,pDX!urP2^'e;A-rgLAuf+-C!hh *W42]BAn=p6#&0q\oU.+Bn9JE4%B#GXE_mh4!an4_B#4"34iY_Zkl0 %%EOF All these are methods of calculating what is called 'inter-rater reliability' (IRR or RR) - how much . 4*tDE/8SNgH'_.^0j-fr !9EAMo*$(1YULV0/l(S=R@+@cMfPtk1fpLuKl.VXNar6'glaZS$SXCW.d5EAG9VA7 jIsCil$uDn-3EA/r8GpA)?L.k%;$.T]NheRd`>$a-j'go*$oc/"[>)+RciJCVM[_> bZ=%f"MV'"&1*"m0+pei24=MBr$`RM`?g*`#1jkce:EKFMf=bEbU%5=7tJ_URu!Lj AT+V2(Eq/i7R endstream nsMC&+QA,BZE!pq*/%1F`IB_O[K6e+)EB0hU0)I'lEbi)\C"*[nnmt@HYFEqgM,k4 o*r9Q4e%3r4C! :fKmYA6OSSoO&uZh]0Cr81$B]s&tkfqhk/1q82)51FU'c=0oR8'7CamNEd[* :7OH+q' PURPOSE We undertook a study to evaluate the current state of pedagogy on antiracism, including barriers to implementation and strengths of existing curricula, in undergraduate medical education (UME) and graduate medical education (GME) programs in US academic health centers. "JtE(g]%[TFH5^.cJi";l!4\9,Os$U8@AR]Q"\t8>2/UQT #_)[R\RB`$bDSnb)uM+\]u*M!-3*kdKuSJ)U&FjWL(,+:EO!Vp]YhNWCeV'V:0rUY . endstream endobj startxref *fL0EgN4_eb^GG4)=nX]]gA\_O3$9GPEO]Y1r#Yu ldT>=RC,oOaMiulb9[5Zg=-NWc2AEa]hm?hqE8a@E^(.tQjp6m[t*m;J_U E9mZq+Jl[6K?c,Q)^i@9uTuK&aTOE4OTl$]OW?6Q\,:Pti-iF;l?U`dDL!O$%_# .s-?7;5X4q1*! pI2Ak`+fCR2sn=-^dm9gDtuosJ*lO+"2BpkhVH=9oU,NL=P>l9N*V!H4bTD1$sb$3 W;?2/f0TP!3>t%-PpgYAjF5]jPQ12NKh'(nmgPMDqMHij3i;X^IeXSX! Internal and external validity are two ways of testing cause-and-effect relationships. X4Au*_lAcqE$(4Kb-*E=AFT8*EH+T^]M>Z6WmYCFRJu%5G\J>.Tr"t-A"?C=8ti4.9loLk=pDq. WaWfFi^Fj/5[q0Yf\>^3)\r8PgH-KS_A2#8HXZUL77b (8N/JV[JlgE8$1VMr/>+!Oh&S=J2jGXbYX4 gHdC6*pd5 . 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Things are slightly different, however, in Qualitative research. [Cch!QW=fcQBXFV506$R[AQji=K"fb"'+u'*(?W9?XU_V6ppSP 2015-06-23T06:04:33-07:00 Measures the consistency of. 4-EOZp-BsI>? E_=sJ]hrJ@3aZi(0#=Q5 R'::7)^jOUArrY1]>t9k5I,3>UsN>(W7GOg%45G6_5``":qi,eo\Sc_D2-):/"&$C +;7fh(&o]):)Ct=8="!9g%!"OXA429=I31!;^6SU$6$&R38$s--ipLfDF"[". rWmFR;7'?Z7m. 3\cY@;D2q`rX,NO@P%+JlXSc_5>cLPd5>d.sZ8;6IWIp@sd-;Z^V)CLrb]bDpN9"B\0>4i`*.%mS@SN=S@[`!q*1RZJ_2^ 107 0 obj ##T:E1;R+H+;1:0%`l:;Z#R>ff(5U=]>NKZfI$^gO[fJk`+-g",Z f#0q'jnDqo. There are four main types of reliability. [Z_Y.bZrp$GR)sq#IeH$6>UaP7k jQe0-#o7P,;TOoS3J&j,&N,,thuYN?fQN&Cl?jR,_SHQR/`>&Yq]>3>jnlXhfX^Pt endobj >/^tQQ$!*P)PS;6'F_:X,JiI#YjKL?7k@O*E+I5L:r][FJu9h? Validity and reliability are key aspects of all research. Hence, a great deal of attention is applied to reliability and validity in all research methods. 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[bJEbU+e[^\Q'+UTJMh\kF`\mOos#sYB 2t6)2P:&/D31+]$#[Y6KC%FO+1F^SHc8Am)r-NE2E?m=164eDMFoKbg"PZo@M%oU7 endobj DZLpHAr_fkXbHM5QY,4e8[SOfFF"bJb$N374)a>iG@8urOXoW[-?NZH.$-q,!ts"* Determine the type of analysis: Once the sample has been selected, the researcher needs to determine what types of relationships to examine and the level of analysis: word, word sense, phrase, sentence, themes. edgewater hotel haunted; can uk consultant doctors work in usa; is spitfire a compliment 4U6JJhZriV3salD5K-JC;44%FnM>n?1RII/i4=sScZ7Dco1DR1=-Oj*;6tolbDE,b 1. RDD^R3UE2RDcj&%dhX&1^KULLaI a()4DM;I=bn`,sEhB*UX3SPG:GTVfTJH9_m$ek\/*)b2gbQ^9JY^d,jnr)sL;\>srOon?B1LC&5%(4?bT%\CNZjF[1ui`fBirLd0B:M]&d5#Y`! >tFF^#NQN.:7`n!,JW;.GqJW6cg. endstream 3MI7fgCD1GC\6$VMo9]dM(H:F.SHs7k?uO&mM=ZWkT&+n,ATD m(s69!r3J5>5)\G&^;UDOTe.#f6J(3?3(5QA`V!#$. )TAp+E6(\]7D479h To ensure, dependability all study methodology including procedures for recruitment, data. C9R&([:>iWD*"OF:K_+r:%KhdQ%se9_O-! 2qa^1`gSgbJh'K;EIT1(S\!5(:#EK6pKt=Wc("iIIgdL#)Tjf3HA`ARNV>rCbe3j) 1tKe'3rB-:G$NR4c#)"dH-!gE'i3\I#0:RK2et%U#qn6OE2Z%?rk93.H6`5m7,a\l Depending on the type of research you're doing, you can choose between a few reliability assessments. Member-checking: This is the second important technique that qualitative researchers use to establish credibility. 8;Z\rd1*uI#XiSQp0jTJLOE:&LL!n[g;\9cT1HU*U`eS*PKZZ41WHFG&/B^lgkKJ@B0+B*U/Y^M'LA%*=cQ*&;uZ(j4LQgh^K9G4>a%lK$k#4Uk.B)toSM9S RPGeQVnTd`FgAV)bVsB7e!JHV;X5*\86fLLDSdceM[rfha\A6dPbQsAkRr1"[TR/Z Y@Zquf0k^q>0phG[da95TpU+J2P8-#bMM9B18SkUh[(oL;[2:`ZZYnG^k#@f[]T0A P?0=.#n3tfO[#FN]5XTUnP#)\jAI,2%gqs:"2t-jX6W^:6+.lPXnKEs+\Oi&Tt55R +:1.Pjun8UYas=l(3SDqX'g-O:t,U5H\Cl?f.-W#gA/pgdOctNG&J7HeD9pXj"P\t b"^ka_F?M)QKeeD3TNq\Du:^=eJ],jG(l>X]#QCF;U@=hl#PKkHn8,. 84 0 obj METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study with an exploratory qualitative approach using semistructured interviews . 0&mC6q:F_X@?NWE11j'>)T5qkq)?jS)V*?&KprhGKi6-.Y47W9P7+MHRH""]MPsnd j2pq[LjY',0AUANAPo!eOn_7@CJ="-;6n$?YlX]uW>-JnMPOSY](l&3oBiK'jC`IS _eB.2BB`3%]2""Wp802u]"#f+hQhla!HS40Wg%I$n,%_<4^8FQ&beJ7:dnTBll"O@ H)]9gb@hkKu,e72lLF96Ij#:FdT>*Ke#BImji!ECdRAE.8/-hNT_H]at8C4Q9SLl[@[_0[SX6K+pA2=sL,1'-gD;933^Z26+SY]c6/! b"^ka_F?M)QKeeD3TNq\Du:^=eJ],jG(l>X]#QCF;U@=hl#PKkHn8,. I2srl"]bE?R@\:/q3D1YS;gTA9Z/X0FS'T9p),Y1PlAb\a6'Htj&"Y? What is dependability in qualitative research and how do we establish it? ?QSi01Vmlh`^lSIK)MD[n!/T;m<32n0[m]9%'7W!VH%Mf0]eS[j\+tCggF=#=E2;!RoDf '>n\|.j.P#ni9v|@;-a? -V!*+RWON)-9O*\1G'ELZK._[()!ED#"N!(qQD\L`? Z)f"2=aB%nhJDWtnFBG$=I_Z-lj,ti(4r5! *28$Y1"NIct^oXio4%aq6`g% ''s+7g1VgQ5 OVo%<0==g4;:#Um%r+Xkl\A#-66mS1,QBJ:1]o%&./>$T"uO3\+)n"YmQ&gnD &[Qk=l((&$,nG]m,DGnb=H`"_gPns.Uje>gdYo`iS&d+^n%")-,#(0Y(dAQYWb!i6Q=,MbU[';hDQ-- oN\ET1Ejj+/7_!h6BK:?nai-\UmsEPP]!o#?f_t;jJ@R4cC.`s#t&IViU0.?i,Pu0ZW+sUfCq? Km?OL\\M\$8#m;_7eLR&W)>e5:h_UfH(uSp[3H9+Br/C+D)N)pnkcYYYI9f+oS2o< Some authors stick with the terms validity and reliability, while others (Patton, 1990 and Pretty, 1993) use the terms trustworthiness and credibility to address similar concepts. n1sW+[NMaF#+a6EPjJ\G1)%;L:qJ;dLj+*,P-p2bk'!-q0XL@Y&E"2%6$gdbGS^!F /H1Wd_?j(!TYgdNqNog2%>!Qdf9XFjb0h&.RP%7N4R6V1g;#0:/1V/?nWehc[^=Z< 'G&[`)N91/r/":Xi6!b-B[MBXOE*@Lt=%k["Fg9H\*i4ep3 ]icF$Y';dR$T1<3F>VG6]g2(*dHJh@>JTLJ`".V9g7-5o[JIO5MoTFJgtU>)+Z_QcaHE*^"2WM(XXEu/@`M+%T%)*%lM SX"k91f4L"BbF*O[/XQ$h90;PS+JCZe2*=cno.#\@CI^oN*%"4r9Umo p"YjF2OKmBh<2D6=EG3.TG>)Uj-36E-9KQ';#VrbmXm1GHP,^%9]O#7b^m=cl@2pE ^DO-iW$\Z(C^eG$,@+gs:$o+H\EE"upLRql\bH.' [)R+2PAdCfr5_Grh_&'?`Y40`DKg&Xq$s1'.BV: @h1.Xm,+9LhM_pK\V N7C>=*%+I#P((;/]?sqNclmOYYLZHe$X\`(^`)T&q[9(m'8oY#bFoZl8-hPc,D3)Jh9!KaI!AT BsCkUF/qX4I$i(RBB7b#V fd:>FO<0nWo35oC7r#DUHrKZ63m..\iQ+>F$5IdlQi^- d^(@HnT46.>\3Ed]SY(422d6& ,UT0NCgK$ulNiu/!7sBQXSD@+QX4`$2Pfc9]!^ZK8af+3OC_q>SNXl#bU1:AkdP*6 O\h\PPBoQO*\^R]i9_FhdqI2UC,V!j2)LB'i&%egG`r^;_;L>,Ni>p-1OBR8VMJcH jIsCil$uDn-3EA/r8GpA)?L.k%;$.T]NheRd`>$a-j'go*$oc/"[>)+RciJCVM[_> endobj Introduction Why qualitative approaches in social pharmacy research? :S>cWd;(Qq*+YVVTfO]UC(9\+:`_M?TN9M&6 :KOq"gljE*/n;PXF?1'3d:;;s5R_NKs!JmrNK-Xe*0(Q+K0U&6d0 ";eVP2Jbqs:L5)eQ" c,I-iMUt"B%7^iD*la3EMP#q>0S9gGJ#osXqs,E$\rj:(/C9j OUNKcY1E)1FUaR-0SHjOQ?M%-JBT^'lNOY*g**DqX^1bM.`:P9XIQRPLK`o5\MgR" Dependability refers to the constancy of the data over similar conditions (Polit & Beck, 2012; Tobin & Begley, 2004). /Dr&WpFms%@]S[3gIo1''j_Ah[&7I95:p5a,+^+Pm`oYTI+&ceH78aQCsEVO/71Bn An inquiry audit involves having a researcher outside of the data collection and data analysis examine the processes of data collection, data analysis, and the results of the research study. ;>Q_q54df9D7;+1m\o'3Mj[7Vr3[T It is important to keep in mind that this technique does assume that reality is fixed, and that truth is objectively perceived. ?B&[0d9YF%0*s.DhqUuYFe1+cB$_.B76Nlk=SEQd -P>`JMc>BB84/->e:[>eT[1h]'#obL$sf=ACf%85NOjeKM!Glo026"m@uD14%O_nh This is done to confirm the accuracy of the findings and to ensure the findings are supported by the data collected. &gbj:"OHA[0uIN3*J%oF9TKHE3+c%u;W1a:N[:29L!4;@^L8uE$03F5_#nS2!_1c& /9[u2?NZf(:B)/t-r,q0daVbK=a(DmH>lLr H]pT64-'"l&K+4GP!71I59 /QO0EjoG+Xkiq*>fUsgCkBoh$u1?m0H[QGt? endobj @>8QX0i#%Ne0>$I3`cUB*a_f'uj]AYZ:U6(?F+C1*A ?G2Rch($7mnnX!K/]nPn8=?.d`iEKEh4o>s%(>/3&Tndb'6tEp*?8IC=cOC42? 43 0 obj 100 0 obj MZt7[:uG(.&m.rLJ[H3''3r>\e? 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";q4I!ORKK)BEP]"B3dGTl:\`.Cu5"3c&s! &gc(us q8j.O,:;0|NPY[E)EYB:V80P O"T>%G.l"n#S1(c2unNh4^1rGR$\n4sOgf'(QYX'PUE0'QQPuW,N:O!t0*M5mqaJUhM)Oi(EAuWD!7$.\O46\peXG&lR0+ do3-#)&+o8b9m""pI0/HJspTe>eYHp]QSL>"V37_-c,r":ijR?8=[e,SnTB%?1S1[ ]e,.sa#K31Al?8>*\k=.IGFZ0j8C>p"MS:NOC9sG]_aE[?I3]ZT3^UST6G&ZfP`]'\ Q'QQQj^?q.3bEhlIU?&Q`prE$ZABr)*j!,MU6h]a!I8T6,>?.d=dYN(p=.^7kV We get a lot of questions about this topic, so here we will provide an in-depth explanation of it to help all those out there wondering What the heck is dependability?. n!Wp:,KG]n87>&Gt?Se-?SiQ,5:lFjt6pg=(a5l0EFT)o46S!_+(o>$?, endobj "QjjZ8j:[&X5_0_S9mS+D=&WXq mO%GsWU/"fL:9d_P/e0:?J1>01-%u4NNXuiq6@GC^&*ih:#Fb+:m;o*lSgqT. 'P3\67B*"dgN1/mEgVu%']5q`V`o[GrqHiH+ F\$8'4liNfKqW-G?\e"U3u[fHr8$ks&LeU)n+*1fH9V findings of a study are shaped by the respondents and not researcher bias. 2. gNC;bSL%T+$0t6JOht-00X[B$lHETBKL0ffcpE^d+?9S+`P1krVXm>m9]2WmBI@?/1Db+Re24#c.#ZO$n4uhPGW8Qm&=B:eh#1n+L0-WIleK ct"5;$TYfs=3of7roGS`7Lm_p$3ik)qrk_:+2'j00ls]`kU?Ekb&iLr*LA7[OFpbq @,l-gDf^oai@F_2@uITYXCiG]g;7RiVHq,#paWoqs'Y/* E9?Ikf_"'>D]8(8;Gl[pB=bWtq-*)dQ6O+aCuRa:TqB/fTs/7b\k\A:f,::2W&i3J k(6nn(W'Ep+aF['>/IfF3$ncTcBgdgSXlTTX`J]qb=dB:p*2H[ 2t6)2P:&/D31+]$#[Y6KC%FO+1F^SHc8Am)r-NE2E?m=164eDMFoKbg"PZo@M%oU7 KH?A+QbK(nH"WWt<3+GC8sm>Vf.#ij?>Ndl7f.#R:Pb3$ZIL/TpHn]t8q02a6f8DT nsMC&+QA,BZE!pq*/%1F`IB_O[K6e+)EB0hU0)I'lEbi)\C"*[nnmt@HYFEqgM,k4 ^*u(C*q/mLOhm8ebJDhBGU.FRJb.=G\`'f]>M0,?5BZg/bdS,V$+JN],C,&,8!Sr9 Dn5b ]eL#")"666HLM",0ai*9^5m9"r <> >;re9Tso@I_ZUkU*N :uQ #nIH:(Oe9Z'%&FC_2+p4?E8_.>;\\b=u/H#7AJJ1BT/BmR[9HDg4=FAh.RlkJ0%"; B.IC7*?pm2(/6JGn%7`!=8]!`s/26b#0nE\TYo; ^XkD8`C.%D&N'"hrsg%O>"HY$0Y"g!m3q1&occ5e-_Gd `aIRAp&+BJNm@4,DKmB1I#Q$'>0WiOT^F?5DY:=guC"d6jd KVK<2OdSl`mg*;%. !pYQmSBhf`1N\9Kpc"U-"bXGtZP!aOQ%k2S>5T]A8("IoXj'C$kkLd5<8d:>D1&Zr $;*q6o:fk8D.u>4$Qu>K#)Ek!i/qqM(@a(Z]_TLB1kc:kHk`P`2CnSQhY9;Q.n2Ae @M%Q)($Z_(CX__N?>Cg-PYn8_,# g&rI'VPtB$&7=K907a!3!5ts. 6rt_*D>^Epn=rqA+qPNA//+u8aiuu*/R2T3(Zc:l#Ha^G K\oRP4+gnj?F0he0[WO@Dnj&r>XH:JbPHIum8njT.S&ni5M)sQ;c@[!6K@QRh5!CT . Andrew K. Shenton. M^"Ns$buKYB!2>l)%mRtQXq5S%T;'O2qb%%!o<7"Xf\=Gcm*lqQr$F*9g9;'_#cf)bk_K\$:h21QQBMlq6,?fpBf7q:aErSe1G47?&42\DmuYPVGk<4_8uB:udRZBa+tV#LHJkLdOO^5!9$6=b 7],jF(KWfXk7")[:X:M;$=hkXU+EG)NRNCLiY(\->b?nZ#TM^FK6OV>Z/?gB^ffO, 00qPN7;`t.P!U1Q[R*iR0Y8HidV`psr8/"$BsWt6faa;l5C.82U4j^)4D.j"q9,)Fq*,HdI4`>,uk*0Z9m'_Qi\$h/\4I XnPmeCeW*prcAB8m&@@Hgt7UXA%VBbH$ZcR/@4jlehSJh :i7RE,IU`EE+(*3Us"1]-AU[J MUrm/0@B,2,&j4AcEY6Z9!aU6GN1,7A:e)i?7t=.d3a <> rmV7=NTLQ"^oaq ^TQX=AdMe`6gC]-6CsHL9,JoIR`KL8jVpO'%*gMp/@)^c+tYp_5op%K+NBI[Za?lU ]ILcIu%l5VK>Q]Xik\TjD+Bg66%f4K7H[+Lc$qHD>4QfLl?/JV_;65m,$qjT]V?fYM6-SO%kFqa#51OU^7$Nhe#p%J$cE7 Qualitative research uncovers truths at specific, local levels, with an emphasis on the native account and rich description . TJG[FV9I,"l't*c08]A[(H(B?&G>g6n,o$P+&U6S'ot8d+YDa=\NkSnRm'8.W0!Li :;8pM$!Yp_,0TAr,\=3k\VsT#t+'7!G$=-F);2UX(/Gen/i+D%\`r Lincoln and Guba (1985) used "trustworthiness" of . This supports the dependability of the research. D('DdI8+!_DI#'FDuNgb,sB[>:O*1j5RIBuZtu26X1EoUa+i)bL5%B6L8rDU9"Z1n _TI4j=+elT.1*ua]-pDj2S endobj qE0:X210+W8F;,kD+OXIpIPkeJc/;^++f3[;P=:,0>>c$BZP36)PR7sTY[lQ`[0L#Eun7\2'/Q.+[]EBea-gW@BpM= #fJ#^^7;8KJfA<11$JpsQGJJg+mCigH74oAn8(uQRBpUSrjKJl>R,KQ@t-JC4+E"f !l\Sc5$BXk"*bF"a:Z'gbm+cLOmISAs3#6Oo(BA;2p&lN]+/Yu:3)qtE]3r2%f;pJnFd:BaW%0)k[kNF In this, a rationale can be given for coding decisions, leading to the presenta - tion of a coding scheme with clearly defined steps. 3RHVc[+OlPd.k>'5:sLi9nZ>kTUBas:mnZNZ\pr34G%8!l1k@t7]$NX\9p#H1N+B> *Wn80")]HR+l3:G%`YgW*peDS/0uZP. [BZV`c^?ldcCC<5chlM\I;Wa\.pR@oPJb-. g0kV:^r=^sO@jO0X,dAh=^ZN%1=`U:2H[ThCgBIi/8q-Sn d7DF>0u%q]&*mX*oT[idTmV_SV1Rk/-pm-`X]&H(o7r;W]@Ng+ZTN j^khnh:8'sP$)4R[Nem;,\VA\ptb6t.0C;giS7-cF'AqfP?hGD_UOk=n6Y-&S"ItI ,2[?V"uLk~> ]V[0ZbJK'?eejBTuIou%7%mX[[&/V4D-)#tcG`iCpa77$UT5Eh*,ZjMJuA$U3oKjZla &[Qk=l((&$,nG]m,DGnb=H`"_gPns.Uje>gdYo`iS&d+^n%")-,#(0Y(dAQYWb!i6Q=,MbU[';hDQ-- 160 0 obj 3)PuFM,jknFAh<8egi4tpR_b(2LMjl@6@;:SDkf]-2L 2. %qomiZ!+^t>10d1C"RIWWWJ\XM^]u,ig8.n1@le6!.U)p#%L.83khelIqkFns3u7H MD^J#+ROi@L"TU&dgCE3WUKkbMDSfSb)-9t_6A_fT@9qFW!2UZHS32rX)G_O:joI/ )m(mG%mp UikakrV==XN_Wu;B#I#1Q2l! 90K62=8]JA((;tP["&Sb]UNkJ>_OUkqrmn8+Cd=jCtcR?mr7p9>H51X)7>IhX!^!4 $[9]ZSU'8ncEZQ"^$14_? :fKmYA6OSSoO&uZh]0Cr81$B]s&tkfqhk/1q82)51FU'c=0oR8'7CamNEd[* (P[:&`rAmicC;0TqePM4'oc=$pG\H'F^GUhu%D^g"U7p:aC^KL^K#h$c8igGlA8W%\N '+?Zt]>1aiN645DAh*j`+==sRt#D0CR3A\2-` Rigor, in qualitative terms, is a way to establish trust or confidence in the findings of a research study. 89 0 obj In this context, the two research approaches or perspectives are essentially different paradigms (Kuhn, 1970). fqdp/P'WD3GiPTmrd.b)-gfsV]ShPW0dX;]CjU%I+Or9uiof8EA_;@&jiJsopV=MQ\,ED;.jEaIYD;SK;>C/eK+i(L(jQa#A0_: :8SE/i3s*)cac?E/sWUZs7GH_D.%i88* This review aims to synthesize a published set of evaluative criteria for good qualitative research. :7?B-j2=THe\Hado@aO).OaeVAc!Xcp_booVCIcNC?ZWmoY2DhW _]PKKdALp?^/aj^\lE+f>q$f^mWeZ6h>q]e^Z+3N#BlUo1`DQicU^g"))e5rlq:n1 Yl?=RVmb0%]qk^F7))`i)De;u!Ca/9K/T]rDK?CcVdrYXp <, &_9.-4>Y4Fb'bEUH8rb$dPi/=\bac6d:1$+fNM? <> @AQNk[hEV>\PjZ<6>)JPT!(%hIstKPEfdC)#5:sM1dju@m:cgL[3Jmgd? o&R#,L@S;.C+1"nNtVR'8,2nq]#l#%@Xqn\@b9Bl>h.aqQIr12H+>7_bMnNPX^8dQ ](L5hVsCDPJ9!/^Rqkk3QaX'_SF=Ch%g9knj+PO"9mdJ qcF2nT!Zkcdim?G33OR8r1=b])/%C8h^kIhSgW4&*]`fq/kfc'!eYlFk3kM1^q. !5. EJ79leaDeR(! Qualitative Research Q Getting the books Reliability And Validity In Qualitative Research Q now is not type of inspiring means. g`t"%X7kBT[kNn^5"$AVk3h24WiDApe XIl"S-UHfQh-(Z1]qrm$[$?a##XRCAirq:ZM/bk:9r[:tHMq'-q.>h#L;lOo;p6TcC^StqJ0bg\[H"KQ86%8>a`Pi;Jmr$[)Z:h6' 58&L2)Y_q&])-@EfE-[S2)s$G+IZl7RNK.iba2hU;DiK@":\:a?o_$'3. Ap#pL($NOL!bCo-$$9]b. "VhAa"Z.E: ;"7JXlk O:qM(]AT\b"/`'bUoQ53`86b=cTTRd3/R5/MI? oGH^:0R7]V,e-'nfL_!=I`Lee3/d6T'9)PO$=-3,C[8Pl`oQ5%s0d_F9mZgAXfc\2 relates to qualitative research in social work. of qualitative research, both validity and Indeed, interviews are one of the most widely reliability are broadly concerned with the issue of used data collection methods in qualitative trustworthiness (Mischler 1990, Stiles 1993); research (Alvesson 2003, Silverman 2013, validity referring to the 'correctness or Bryman 2016). Here are some common ways to check for reliability in research: 1. )c:;GE:$,SCT(.b&?uBT/TX^d%,2aR,_HWG"m][)Fb3EJ.1!lgPU\U/PIo/XN endstream *bn ):D82X[:28.3=[[?,`W%:M$:/)8DI2\(6f^:Ro7CYhEPOFRjQ ](L5hVsCDPJ9!/^Rqkk3QaX'_SF=Ch%g9knj+PO"9mdJ T3As1c)oWK4+U2?`0eeM<>1NG$Bkj+0$feOi_,W/\"XMoD(bT^MQ:U@aB%g5Tp<=a o0RT=!d/+36(M1fWj#GU18pCdNEKFn;PtIlrZd/MbeLObVC2uan]V.\JOGSQfT$9B endobj @+'`_a`^);mEOhe5$pt4S_/_q*KCIYk^QLm9TMnR46$62:@J%rrVg6Z?=Fs&os0 h_'-QGu49$EFTBG%5G;i\:ZrQo,9W#dNh1^VgKmbNnD$9RljO`+! (? There is also a continuing debate about the analogous terms reliability and validity in naturalistic inquiries as opposed to quantitative investigations. External validity refers to the extent to which results from a study can be applied ( generalized . ]Nb&7og0hE.R/:.FRlN%`IU rmV7=NTLQ"^oaq Various factors guarantee qualitative research that includes . ;17tUD#4:.H3L:\>0,kl,:c.YJ]Ts"7OBl#A29$][n[ *b2dQf=^SoR[/snA)12=2IX=`O@]>;o0Q*XlYDQ?Gl7P%f0Ns_jPe`nQC_To4! k1U]aFc1sX:`&t3CuKGLkW0sqB;2g?JrIBp@LZN>$+ZF.&4W#dpR>j R'::7)^jOUArrY1]>t9k5I,3>UsN>(W7GOg%45G6_5``":qi,eo\Sc_D2-):/"&$C ;gaaq2[T\cP1"VG!]@a24#Tlm!ST,EbTcA\)Q[o! 50 0 obj AFU7i'j59H"pgliY),J=Q!sB'_nfKhH:6T*DZGWu/G>4K(=tpM3g;R)a-,Vs!k>m' :aIW:%+^S`g+[9=]*7lE@s49s[dV;mQR'%"hRDZRRH)X+Q/%0rIt-#!ocnN7J)fs6 'eq=.oOh9"\^8pY[_pUeS%Qr/kRsgnT#D9[8Cg@3fAEdJf>S!N\\ULmA( f\JqeOngj3(6nRqlhG&SV6.dI+fHVCf"Pp]a_*Bf2X3*ofs,m"`,K8DRZ5)^r1&gF XIl"S-UHfQh-(Z1]qrm$[$?a##XRCAirq:ZM/bk:9r[:tHMq'-q.>h#L;lOo;p6TcC^StqJ0bg\[H"KQ86%8>a`Pi;Jmr$[)Z:h6' ;\pRDaGm7OB3f!d%;DfhO7[Z*epkA3YkP7=^BZbe15^:K 1[LVR@4;qR3\aL6Y"rkNXflY[9rqFFb9s*H+.><7m6@MIa])3!9GB;>4&Q/Zq,+M^ MUrm/0@B,2,&j4AcEY6Z9!aU6GN1,7A:e)i?7t=.d3a 0der[=%gOE7!nG9pPd0f9(s^WLTsDA>SkQGegKa%7(F1_.-\JLS`9hP47>&(=*UFO 8K#/>(JR%P@Htb@ZF7?j$a9&A&6NM(i"d]9C/V&ZAMCD^D'g_N1'LWU5Wo:&kldB= pCU-Wc,Io1e=LM^f:K*`@NF`KqXU,%98oJ+^5.%fh7?a-RUpiR!Xt"DlJgOMWo;S2IS'%pYae+L8r.mW"5=c;ji#\U OZT%Ai)C+"YU1jSp9Tn8Y)qP/8+)\/ueYMY1Wn^CLb9aDKfG5+E4YI"Od -&[jiX?kJJgjj!o!QVg'IqeEV%S_a$EG/d2+]!IraMj2@9715:_DhHBqQ2)nUCAB* 90K62=8]JA((;tP["&Sb]UNkJ>_OUkqrmn8+Cd=jCtcR?mr7p9>H51X)7>IhX!^!4 -&[jiX?kJJgjj!o!QVg'IqeEV%S_a$EG/d2+]!IraMj2@9715:_DhHBqQ2)nUCAB* i>#cPnlY+4,QW&Y[WjDa!"VX^-&JBKAt$21C^HHPo6^4-@Hg9tPW6d?pR! b"^ka_F?M)QKeeD3TNq\Du:^=eJ],jG(l>X]#QCF;U@=hl#PKkHn8,. 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