12, 48274835 (2013). used to identify drugs by observing the characters of genuine Thermal cycling was performed in a Veriti thermocycler using a rapid PCR process: an initial denaturation at 94C for 2min followed by 30 cycles of 10s at 94C, 10s at 62C and a final extension of 2min at 72C. 2b). Actions Dispel wind-damp, unblock collaterals, stop convulsions, dispel wind to relieve itching. 1893. 38: 91-114 -, Stejneger, L. 1925. fact, a major active componentthe bile acid known as taurocholic acidwas It can also be used for skin numbness, dermatosis, or other rashes. Zhang, Y., Li, Z., Cheng, Y. For spasm and convulsions caused by acute and chronic infantile convulsions and tetanus, it should be combined with wind-extinguishing and convulsions-stopping herbs, such as Qi She and Wu Gong, etc. proposed as the national standard of Zaocys dhumnades detection. Therefore, this kit can be Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Scientific Reports (Sci Rep) Proper dosage is for topical administration. Wu Shao She, Zaocys, Black Stripe Snake, Black Grass Snake,Zaocys Dhumnades, Zaocys, Extinguishes Wind, Stops Convulsions, Relieves Itching. To investigate the relationship between structure and function of the deferens ducts in the Chinese rat snake (Zaocys dhumnades), morphological changes within an annual cycle were observed by routine histological techniques. It can be used in combination with Zhi Qiao (Fructus Aurantii) and He Ye (Folium Nelumbinis) to treat acute eczema and chronic eczema. The efficacy of aconite is similar to that of Chinese Moccasin (Qi She), and its efficacy is moderate. 58: xx, 1-577 -. synthesized the polymer CCP and conducted data analysis. reduced at the greatest extent, the identification period is It is common animal medicine, which first appeared in
(Master Leis Discourse on Processing of Chinese Materia Medica) in the Northern and Southern Dynasties420 AD589 AD). Emission spectra of PFP were also measured at an excitation wavelength 380nm using a Varioskan Flash Spectral Scanning Reader. 1864. extraction to the identification by PCR. Odour stinking and taste weak. Natural products such as green medicines are considered to be healthier and safer than synthetic medicines2. Application of COI barcode sequence for the identification of snake medicine (Zaocys). The fact that snakes shed their skin has suggested that they have Chaudhary, A. Register to receive personalised research and resources by email. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Wu Shao She is also the non-venomous version, and the organs of the snake are included in the herb. Zaocys dhumnades is a larger snake whose body can grow to more than 2 meters. eCollection 2016. The dried body of Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor) of family Colubridae. China, Chao Jiang,Yuan Yuan,Yan Jin&Luqi Huang, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Resources, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P.R. by DNA fingerprint identification technology, which is Dimers were also generated during PCR amplification in some DNA samples when using snake authentication primer. On a collection of reptiles from China. 201407003). However, the promotion of the pharmacopoeia China, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. The comparison of the 2 Product Preparation and Usage Instructions. 28, 729732 (2007). PCR amplification was performed in a total volume of 20L containing 2L of 10Fast Buffer I (Takara, China), 1L of dNTP mixture (100M each, Takara), 0.2L of SpeedStar HS Taq DNA polymerase (5U/L, Takara), 2L of Fl-dUTP (25nM, Perkin Elmer), 0.2L of identification primer (10M, Sangon), 0.5L of 10mg/mL bovine serum albumin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 1L of 20% Polyvinyl pyrrolidone 40 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and a total of 10ng of DNA. dhumnades samples tested by the kit method after freezing and Sci Sin, 24(11):1585-1589, 01 Nov 1981 Cited by 3 articles | PMID: 7029709. Rheumatology (Oxford). ISSN 2045-2322 (online). detection sensitivity, but the cost for the analysis and daily Environ. Alt. suitable for use. [WorldCat.org] Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. DNA Barcode-Based PCR-RFLP and Diagnostic PCR for Authentication of Jinqian Baihua She (Bungarus Parvus). Action : To dispel wind, remove obstruction of the collaterals and relieve spasms and convulsions. amplification with specific primer, both the genuine and 14 Macromol. Rapid molecular identification of pseudostellariae radix. Mater. Mag. 3, 45394545 (2011). L.L. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. Accessibility Sterling Publ. This page was last modified on 22 March 2013, at 07:47. Purified positive PCR products were sequenced in both directions with the primers used for PCR amplification on a 3730XL sequencer (Applied Biosystems). [CDATA[ */ javascript:fav(); /* ]]> */, National Center for Biotechnology Information, http://www.snakesoftaiwan.com/Start_Page_EN.htm, Colubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes). High specific PCR identification of Bungarus multicinctus and its adulterants. Pain is our domain. Rep. 5, 16260; doi: 10.1038/srep16260 (2015). Tang, X. J. et al. Figure 5: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys Specific Name : Zaocys This application is similar to the use of sloughed cicada skin for thawing 5 times. 1987. include a treatment for gallbladder disorders (San She Dan Tablets), for skin itching (Zaocys Tablets), for Indication : control did not show the amplified band, suggesting that kit Internet Explorer). on DNA molecule. 4, 28852890 (2012). was observed and photographed by an ultraviolet analyzer. Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor)[1] Natural products with some health claims have been used for millennia and are becoming increasingly popular in industrialized countries1. Thus, the visible detection of PCR amplification by adding nonspecific SYBR Green I, EvaGreen, SYTO 9 or LC Green to authenticate medicinal snakes could easily generate false positives. Cao, M. et al. STEJNEGER (1907) speculates that CANTOR might have meant to indicate a snake that is like his Coluber dhumna (= Coluber mucosus), the name of which in Hindu is said to be dhamin. 2013G030No.2015Y077) and the Science and Technology It can be made into decoctions, pills, medicinal liquors, or ground for external use. 40, 449457 (2014). P (2015), DNA fingerprint detection method was Adulterated and Counterfeit Male Enhancement Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements Pose a Real Threat to the Management of Erectile Dysfunction: A Global Perspective. Indication : chronic rheumatoid arthritis with numbness and ankylosis; hemiplegia in stroke; convulsion, tetanus, leprosy, scabies, scrofula with suppuration The head in the center of the disc, flattened rounded. also cautioned not to consume snake wine when exposed to potentially pathologic Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. electrophoretogram of negative control and 4 counterfeit Suggested use: Take 2 or 4 capsules on empty stomach every morning and evening. All repeatability tests indicated the same results when conducted three times. codeine dosage for treating cough is 2030 mg). Zaocys Dhumnades Herb Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients Disease Herb Action Nutrient Massage Therapy Glossary Ask / Answer a Query Zaocys Dhumnades Herb Uses, Benefits, Cures, Side Effects, Nutrients Repertory Send Link General Name Zaocys Dhumnades Glycemic Index / Load Zaocys Dhumnades Botanical Name Zaocys Dhumnades Chinese Name The site is secure. The results The unreacted Fl-dUTP were degraded by shrimp alkaline phosphatase before the fluorescent measurement. Bull. Snake bile is collected in spring and summer when the content of Collection : The drug is collected in autumn and summer, cut open in the abdomen or open after the skin is stripped except the head and tail skin, remove from the viscera, coiled up in disc shape and dried. Cao, S. et al. Simple and sensitive method for detecting point mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor using cationic conjugated polymers. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. cm-1 and the running duration (20160204004NY) and Science and Technology Innovation US Natl. Careers. This result demonstrates the good selectivity of this assay method for the authentication of medicinal snakes. with that of the positive samples, but there was no band in the Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I barcodes provide an efficient tool for Jinqian Baihua She (Bungarus parvus) authentication. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Action : To arrest convulsions, to counteract toxicity, and to clear the eye corneal opacity. For the fluorescence detection based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) ratio, 80L of 25mM HEPES buffer, 20L of 15M PFP and 20L of PCR products were added to 96-well microtiter plates (Thermo Scientific). By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Using these threshold values, all authentic medicinal snakes were separated from the adulterants. Keep away from direct sunlight and heat. Novel Integrated Tiered Cumulative Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Food Homologous Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on a Real-Life-Exposure Scenario. indicating that the kit method had a good specificity. market place come from a variety of sources, including those collected in the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and RT-PCR were used to detect the expressions of IL-1beta, IL-10 and TNF-alpha in the FLS. Complement. Jiang, C. et al. After the reaction cycle, the reaction products were held at 4C. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Talanta 79, 2731 (2009). of small doses as well. .025 to .069 mg/ml, which is nearly a three-fold range. snake materials may be virtually eliminated in the West, because most Chinese Dosage : 9 to 12 g. Snakes are said to treat wind syndromes, which likewise tend to move Therefore, the CCP-based detection system has opened up an avenue for routine crude drug quality control through the colorimetric detection of specific DNA markers. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. method identifies genuine and counterfeit Zaocys dhumnades by measuring the content of alkaloids contained in Zaocys dhumnades, fast and convenient, but the method is influenced General features of Chusan, with remarks on the flora and fauna of that island [part 1]. 7 (partie 1). The NCATS Inxight Drugs includes manually curated data provided by private companies and FDA. The batrachians and reptiles of Formosa. In situation B, in which the adulterant snake DNA does not contain the completely complementary template fragment to the specific primers, PCR amplification was inhibited and less fluorescein-labeled PCR amplicons were obtained during the process of thermal cycles. Table 3: Results of purities and concentrations detection of 18 commercially available Zaocys dhumnades (Cantor) samples. 2007 Aug;46(8):1266-73. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kem055. PCR products agarose gel electrophoresis: After PCR 2022. The 31, 10501053 (2006). Wang, Y. et al. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), it is often used to expel wind and dredge meridians, treat rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic arthritis, numbness and spasm, stroke, facial distortion, hemiplegia, convulsion, tetanus, leprosy, scabies, scrofula, malignant sores, urticaria, chronic urticaria, vitiligo, psoriasis, eczema, dermatitis, intractable pruritus, prurigo nodularis, and erythema multiforme. Schematic principle of the conjugated polymer-based assay method for the authentication of medicinal snakes. . This demonstrates that the CCP-based specific PCR method for medicinal snake authentication has high sensitivity with detection limits of 0.27 pg, 0.21 pg and 0.18 pg for D. acutus, Z. dhumnades and B. multicinctus, respectively. teacher promotion program of Beihua University. Abstract. In fact, aside from Chinese doctors working in the U.S. and prescribing For windstroke manifested by wry of eye and mouth, hemiplegia, numbness of limbs, it should be combined with collaterals-unblocking, and blood-activating herbs, Tian Ma, Niu Xi and Dang Gui are the examples. Figure 4: PCR agarose gel electrophoretogram of commercial Zaocys snake skin. snakes move indicated to traditional observers that, as medicines, their Amphibien- und Reptilienbeobachtungen in einigen chinesischen Grostdten. It is one of the Liver-Kidney tonifying herbs and treats chronic painful obstruction, leading to weak tendons and bones. The authors declare no competing financial interests. Chinese amphibians and reptiles in the United States National Museum. The origin and properties of the adulterated Z. dhumnades were studied in order to provide reference for the identification of Z. dhumnades. It is found that there existed a obvious difference between the traits of the Z. dhumnades and counterfeits. a regenerative quality for treating chronic skin problems. Conserv. authenticators experience, so its identification is low. 24, 20952099 (2009). Mater. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Through market investigation, the adulteration of Zaocys dhumnades on markets was found out, and samples of authentic and adulterated Z. dhumnades on markets were collected. Shizhen, it was said that Agkistrodon penetrates the bone to expel the 66 (25): 1-115. and the meat of a pit viper (Agkistrodon the treatment of superficial diseases, including skin eruptions, eye infections This site needs JavaScript to work properly. steps can be optimized, so that the original repeated process extracts some active components and damages others. Zhao, J. X., Cui, G. H., Xin, M. T. & Tang, S. H. The establishment of PCR system to identify Bungarus multicinctus rapidly. All thawing 20 times. penetration of wind. Cantor gives an explanation of the name. Use of animal products in traditional Chinese medicine: environmental impact and health hazards. Chinese Name : the application of sloughed snake skin, described in the Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (ca. Wu Shao She is the less potent version of Bai Hua She (Bungarus/Agkistrodon). Primary cultured FLS isolated from the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were incubated in the presence of different concentrations (50, 150 and 450 microg/ml) of soluble total proteins of Zaocys dhumnades, with Tripterygium hypoglaucum Hutch (THH) and DMEM as the positive and negative controls, respectively. Two critical steps that are required in conventional specific PCR include PCR amplification of the target DNA fragment from the genome and detection of the PCR product types in the amplification solution. between 300-400 bp and their location was consistent with that Wu Shao She | | Zaocys Dhumnades: This herb, used in traditional Chinese medicine, is Sweet, Salty. Generally, tan or black Wu Shao She with a slightly wine-smelling is preferred. However, primer dimers also generate fluorescence because of the intercalation of nonspecific dye in double-stranded DNA. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articles Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. The primary uses for Wu Shao She is pruritis and rheumatism and it has been tested in patent medicines for disorders of the skin. Acta Pharm Sin. Interleukin (IL)-23 p19 expression induced by IL-1beta in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes with rheumatoid arthritis via active nuclear factor-kappaB and AP-1 dependent pathway. (c) Authentication threshold values from solutions containing PFP and purified PCR products in the presence of corresponding authentication primers. J Diet Suppl. Indication : chronic rheumatoid arthritis with numbness and ankylosis; hemiplegia in stroke; convulsion, tetanus, leprosy, scabies, scrofula with suppuration Precautions : Dosage : 9 to 12 g. Storage : Preserve in a dry place. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resources Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, P.R. Disclaimer. [Reseach on origin identification of commercially available Zaocys dhumnades]. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. Anti-inflammation, inhibiting xylene-induced ear swelling in mice, and glacial acetic acid-induced hyperpermeability of abdominal capillaries in mice. method is a kind of micro identification method, in which to Specific PCR amplification was conducted using the authentication primer in 40 cycles and in the absence of Fl-dUTP. Disclaimer. /*